Surrounded by dense sal forests in Belbari Municipality of Morang district, Betana Wetland, locally known as Betana Simsar (बेतना सिमसार), is more than a scenic destination. This freshwater ecosystem in eastern Nepal provides an important habitat for birds, turtles, fish, and other wildlife, making it a valuable site for biodiversity conservation and nature-based tourism.
Located approximately 16 kilometres east of Itahari Chowk along the East–West Highway, the wetland is easily accessible to travellers exploring Koshi Province. Its freshwater lake covers approximately 5.5 hectares and lies at an elevation of around 123 metres above sea level. The surrounding forest, extending across approximately 175 hectares, forms part of the Charkose Jhadi forest belt.
One of Betana Wetland's most significant conservation highlights is the presence of the critically endangered black softshell turtle (Nilssonia nigricans).
Research conducted in 2022, involving turtle specialist Dr Peter Praschag, helped confirm the species' presence in the wetland. Previously mistaken locally for another turtle species, the black softshell turtle attracted scientific attention after researchers identified more than two dozen individuals in the area. The findings were publicly reported in August 2023.
Betana is also an important habitat for birds. A 2018 scientific study by Milan Kharel documented 49 bird species belonging to 30 families, including resident and migratory birds. Among those recorded were the grey-headed fish eagle and lesser adjutant stork, highlighting the wetland's ecological importance.
Beyond its biodiversity, Betana Wetland attracts visitors seeking peaceful forest surroundings, birdwatching, photography, and recreational boating.
According to a January 2026 report by Rastriya Samachar Samiti (RSS), around 500 domestic tourists visited the wetland daily during winter. Pedal boating and picnicking are among its popular recreational activities, while seasonal migratory birds add to its natural appeal.
The Betana Wetland Community Forest User Group plays an active role in conserving local wildlife and vegetation. Its conservation efforts have also attracted researchers studying the area's biodiversity.
As tourism grows, protecting the wetland's natural habitats remains essential. Betana Wetland represents an important balance between recreation and conservation, offering visitors an opportunity to appreciate the often-overlooked natural treasures of eastern Nepal.
